Posterior Shin Splints are a strain in the posterior Tibialis muscle that attaches to the shin(Tibia) bone.  This muscle is an accessory muscle that helps with stability and balance in foot and ankle movements.  Typically, it can be irritated from overuse/repetitive use but can also come from imbalances in the foot and ankle movements or compensation.  People that are on their feet more often or are more active than not will have an issue with this.  It is less common to occur than anterior shin splints but occurs often with this demographic.  

Symptoms of posterior shin splints are pain in the muscle of the inside of the shin.  This pain can be sore, ache, sharp, tight, and tender.  It will be sore or painful while walking, standing, and with general leg movements.  You will notice that there is mild weakness from the pain/soreness.  And depending on how intense the shin splints are there may be swelling and spasm in the muscle as well.  If left untreated the pain may intensify and cause issues with movements and may cause further injury to the muscles and muscles associated with the leg and foot.

The best course of action for this injury is to seek professional help.  A professional will be able to evaluate and diagnose the injury and build a specific treatment plan for the individual and the injury.  A proper treatment plan for this injury would include manual therapies to help mediate the muscular and ligament stress which helps with movement and pain management.  Mobilization and manipulation the pelvis, hip, knee, and ankle joint to keep fluid movement through the joints to avoid restriction of movement and range of motion issues.  Stabilization and strength programming to help build muscular and ligament support as well as prevent further and future injury.  And finally, a good self-care program that will give the individual control on managing the issue themselves.